Tundra climate graphmauritania pronunciation sound

Seals, walrus and beluga whales ply the arctic waters.

The permafrost and bogs store water in the tundra.Tundra climates can be found mostly in the northern hemisphere at high latitudes.

Dianne Dotson is a science writer with a degree in zoology/ecology and evolutionary biology. The word "tundra" derives from the Finnish word for “treeless plain,” which fits a broad description of the tundra biome.

The tundra climate offers a brief growing season that encourages low species diversity. At high elevations, trees become stunted in the cold with little soil. The lack of winter food also discourages hibernation. Winter plumage and coats tends to be white like snow, whereas summer coloring tends toward brown. The tundra takes longer to recover from vast changes than many regions.

When colder weather arrives, these animals return south to avoid the harshest conditions.

It exists essentially as a frigid desert. Soils offer low nutrients, and the permafrost tends to contain mainly gravel. The growing season of the tundra tends to range up to 60 days. The tundra regions tend to range in a circuit from south of the Arctic ice caps.

Dominant plant species include mosses, lichens and shrubs. Heaths and forbs flourish in this environment.

Warmer Arctic temperatures mean that freezing occurs much later in the season.

Tundra climates can be found in the high Arctic or at high elevations in mountains outside the Arctic. The middle Arctic tundra experiences a pattern of freezing and thawing, with enough moisture to encourage sphagnum moss. Rapid melting of permafrost in the Arctic threatens to accelerate climate change as well. The average yearly precipitation ranges from 6 to 10 inches.

Vegetation in the northern limits of the tundra tends to be smaller and vegetation in the southern portion tends to be larger. Animals must therefore be active in winter or migrate. Typical insect species include bumblebees, moths, flies, mosquitos and grasshoppers.Climate change rapidly alters the tundra. Other Arctic tundra animals include the iconic polar bears, Arctic foxes, gray wolves, voles, Arctic hares, squirrels and snow geese.

Tundra regions make up some of the coldest regions on Earth.

The more extreme climate of the high Arctic tundra ensures a stark landscape peppered across islands, with varied lichen and moss species.

Marmots, sheep, goats and many species of birds reside in alpine tundra regions. Tundra climates can be found in the high Arctic or at high elevations in mountains outside the Arctic.

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